The Federal Ministry of Telecommunications was established on March 21, 1997, by the Federal Government's Decree on the Establishment of Federal Ministries and Other Federal Agencies and Organizations ("FRY Official Journal", no. 12/97). Prior to that, telecommunications and postal sectors were under the purview of the Federal Ministry of Transport and Communications, as well as of the Federal Radio-Communications Department.

The Federal Ministry of Telecommunications is responsible for policy-making in the telecommunications and postal sectors, regulation of telecommunication and postal activities in FRY, participation in international organizations in telecom and postal sectors, bringing domestic practices in line with standards and recommendations thereof, as well as coordinating the relevant authorities of the two constituent Republics. The new Telecommunications Act lays down that those responsibilities of the Ministry which concern the regulation of telecom activities and radiofrequency spectrum management shall be transferred to the newly established Regulatory Authority for Telecommunications.

The Ministry consists of the Minister's Office, the Secretariat and five departments - Telecommunications Development, Foreign Relations and Regulation, Radiocommunications, Inspection and Postal Development.